主语从句训练习题

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主语从句训练习题

　　主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语成分的句子，以下是小编整理的主语从句的训练习题，希望对大家有所帮助

　　习题

　　1. “Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”

　　A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come

　　C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from

　　2. ________ makes mistakes must correct them.

　　A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever

　　3. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.

　　A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got

　　4. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.

　　A. while B. that C. if D. for

　　5. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.

　　A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so

　　6. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.

　　A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along

　　C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along

　　7. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

　　A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

　　8. He asked me ________ with me.

　　A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was

　　C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is

　　9. I am sure ________ he said is true.

　　A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what

　　10. I wonder how much ________.

　　A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost

　　C. the watch costed D. the watch costs

　　11. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.

　　A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for

　　12. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.

　　A. that B. if C. what D. whether

　　13. —“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”

　　—“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”

　　A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it

　　14. ______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.

　　A. That…what B. What…that C. That…which D. What…which

　　15. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.

　　A. If…do B. That…do C. If…does D. That…does

　　16. One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.

　　A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that

　　17. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.

　　A. if B. that C. whether D. which

　　18. —“Do you know ________”

　　—“His father is a doctor.”

　　A. what is his father B. who is his father

　　C. what his father is D. who his father is

　　19. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.

　　A. if B. that C. what D. whether

　　20. She asked ________.

　　A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up

　　C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing

　　21. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.

　　A. if B. that C. whether D. how

　　22. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.

　　A. except B. except for C. except that D. but for

　　23. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.

　　A. That B. What C. How D. Which

　　24. ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.

　　A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what

　　25. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.

　　A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

　　26. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

　　A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

　　27. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.

　　A. What … that B. That … what C. Why … that D. If … what

　　28. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.

　　A. That B. Why C. How D. Who

　　29. _______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.

　　A. When B. Why C. What D. That

　　30. _______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.

　　A. If B. Where C. That D. What

　　31. _______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.

　　A. How B. What C. Why D. This

　　32. _______ you come or not is up to you.

　　A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether

　　33. _______ makes mistakes must correct them.

　　A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody

　　34. _______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.

　　A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How;35.Theproblemis________w;A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who;36.thatis_______helikest;A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how;37.thatis______LuXunonce;A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why;38.WhatI

　　A. Which B. That C. If D. How

　　35. The problem is ________will go to the meeting.

　　A. why B. when C. what D. who

　　36. that is _______ he likes the place so much.

　　A. that B. what C. why D. how

　　37. that is ______ Lu Xun once lived.

　　A. what B. where C. that D. why

　　38. What I'm considering now _________ the money we need.

　　A. is B. are C. were D. was

　　39. Can you tell me __________

　　A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who

　　C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman

　　40. We should think carefully about ________ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.

　　A. that B. what C. which D. X

　　41. Can you point out ________ two radios are the best

　　A. which B. what C. that D. whether

　　42. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.

　　A. If B. Whether C. What D. When

　　43. I asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________ she was an actress.

　　A. who…that B. who…X C. what…X D. how…that

　　44. Do you know ________

　　A. what is this used for B. what this is used for

　　C. which this is used D. that this is used for

　　45. ________ surprised me most was ________.

　　A. That…that she spoke Japanese so well B. What…how could she speak Japanese so well

　　C. What…that she spoke Japanese so well D. That…why she could speak Japanese so well

　　46. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.

　　A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected

　　C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected

　　答案

　　DCDBBABCDDCABBDBCCDACCAACBADABCDCADCBACBABCBCD

　　主语从句和定语从句区别

　　主语从句

　　即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子，例如"That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all"，他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶，此复合句主要描述的是某事让我们惊讶，某事就是该复合句的主语，因此“That he finished writing the composition in such a short time”便是该复合句的主语从句。

　　引导主语从句的连词主要有：

　　从属连词：that whether

　　连接代词：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever

　　连接副词：when where how why

　　定义：在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句。

　　主语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响和限制

　　（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.

　　（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.

　　（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.

　　（4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.

　　（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.

　　（6）Whatever you did is right.

　　（7）Whom the watch belongs to is unknown.

　　（8）What we need is time.

　　（9）What we need are good doctors.

　　名词性从句的时态规则：

　　1）、主句谓语动词是现在或将来时，从句谓语动词可以用任何需要的时态。

　　I wonder what he is doing now.

　　Do you know when and where he was born?

　　I'll write to tell him where I 'll meet him.

　　2）、主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词一般需用过去时。

　　（1）从句与主句的谓语动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时。

　　I thought that he studied hard.

　　He told me his son was watching TV.

　　（2）从句谓语动作在主句谓语动作之后，从句用过去将来时。

　　He said he would spend his holidays in Qingdao.

　　（3）从句谓语动作在主句谓语动作之前，从句用过去完成时。

　　They told me they had waited for me half an hour.

　　（4）从句如果有表示过去某一具体时间的状语，仍用过去时。

　　She told me her brother died in 1945.

　　3)客观的条件，从句时态不受丝毫影响。

　　（1）从句说明的是不受时间限制的事实或真理（客观真理）。

　　The teacher told us that the earth turns from west to east.

　　He said Asia is the largest continent.

　　It was true that water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit.

　　（2）当从句表示的是反复出现的时态不变。

　　She told me that she gets up at six o'clock every morning.

　　He asked me when the train usually starts.

　　（3）当从句是用来表达解释科技内容时时态不变。

　　（4）当从句的谓语动作仍在继续时，或者表示现在仍在的状态时，时态不变。

　　He said that the workers in that factory are trying to fulfill the task in time.

　　She told me the other day that she is only 10.

　　（5）当从句的动作状态还未发生，要用一般式表示。强调与现在的联系。

　　He said he will wait for me this evening.

　　小结:

　　（1）引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等。

　　（2）连词位于句首不能省略。

　　（3）主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数，但也有例外。

　　注意：当what引导的名词性分句作主语时，主谓一致问题极为复杂。著名学者周海中教授在论文《关于what-分句作主语的主谓一致问题》中就这一问题做了深入研究，并给出了10种的主谓一致关系。这些一致关系值得英语学习者和使用者特别注意。

　　定语从句

　　一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。

　　定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

　　关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1）who, whom,that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

　　3）which, that

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

　　A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）

　　The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语）

　　关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

　　1）when, where, why

　　关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：

　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

　　2）that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在非正式文体中that常被省略（正式文体中不可省略），例如：

　　His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

　　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

　　判断关系代词与关系副词

　　方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词。例如：

　　（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

　　（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

　　（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

　　（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

　　习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

　　方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词。

　　例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?

　　（对）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?

　　从句结构

　　定语从句公式

　　定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句。

　　先行词

　　指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。

　　一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。

　　关系词

　　关系词常有3个作用：

　　①连接作用，连接主句和定语从句。

　　②指代先行词。

　　③在定语从句中担当成分。

　　注：关系代词有主语、宾语、定语之分。一般who做主语或其宾格形式的whom做宾语(whom作宾语时可省略），whose作为定语（whose不可省略）。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语（where），时间状语（when），原因状语（why）。[1]

　　定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词表示的）汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。

　　被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。如“the girl”，“the book”

　　如:She is the girl who likes singing. 她就是那个喜欢唱歌的女孩。

　　这就是一个定语从句。

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