- 相关推荐
九年级下册英语知识点归纳
九年级下册英语知识点归纳1
1. I would rather watch TV shows than sports shows.我宁愿看电视剧而不愿看运动节目.
would rather…than…表“宁愿……而不愿”,与prefer…to…同义,但它们在结构上不同.
前者是would rather do sth. than do sth.,= would do sth. rather than do sth.…;后者是prefer doing sth. to doing sth. =prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
eg: I would rather stay at home than go out. = I prefer staying at home to going out.= I would stay at home rather than go out..=I prefer to stay at home rather go out.我宁愿呆在家中而不愿出去.
2. Was his wife still alive?他的妻子还活着吗?
alive表“活着的”,常修饰人,而不修饰物.一般作表语或宾补.
living同义,既可修饰人,也可修饰物.在句中既可作定语也可作表语.
eg: The old woman is still alive/living.(作表语)那个老人还活着.
The king wanted to keep Gulliver alive.(作宾补)国王想让格利佛活着.
There is no living things on Mars.(作定语)火星上没有生物.
3. She ordered a scorpion to hide in the dark to attack him.
order sb. to do sth.命令/要求某人去做某事
order sth for sb./ sth.为某人/某物订购某物
eg: The doctor ordered me to stay in bed.医生命令我好好呆在床上休息.
He often orders books for his son.他经常为他的儿子订书.
She ordered a suit for her dog.她为她的狗订购了一套衣服.
4. However, sometimes you do not forgive others.然而,你有时不会原谅别人.
forgive sb. sth.原谅某人某事
forgive sb. for doing sth.请求别人原谅所做的事
eg: She could forgive him anything.她会原谅他的任何事.
Please forgive me for disturbing you.请原谅我打扰你了.
5. But in western countries, dogs are considered honest and good friends of humans
但是在西方国家,狗被认为是诚实的,是人类的.好朋友.
honest用作形容词,表“诚实的;正直的” .在句中可作定语,表语或宾补.
He is an honest man. = The man is honest.
他是一个诚实的人.
固定搭配: be honest with sb.对某人坦诚相待
to be honest说实话,老实说
九年级下册英语知识点归纳2
1. by + doing通过……方式如:by studying with a group
by还可以表示:“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用、”“经过”、“乘车”等
如:I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock.
The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.
2. talk about谈论,议论,讨论
如:The students often talk about movie after class.学生们常常在课后讨论电影。
talk to sb. === talk with sb.与某人说话
3.提建议的.句子:
①What/ how about +doing sth.?
如:What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.?如:Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ?如:Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth.如:Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.?如:Shall we/ I go shopping?
4. a lot许多常用于句末如:I eat a lot.我吃了许多。
5. too…to太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如:I’m too tired to say anything.我太累了,什么都不想说。
6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法
三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。
①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,
常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级
形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.
他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk,
laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如:
She told us to speak a little louder.她让我们说大声一点。
③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往
含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.他不当众大声谈笑。
九年级下册英语知识点归纳3
被动语态
Ⅰ.被动语态的构成形式be+Vt.p.p.
(一).语态是英语动词的一种形式,是用于表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语语态分为主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)两种。
主动语态是表示主语是动作的执行者。如:1)Yesterday I parked my car outside the school.
被动语态是表示主语是动作的承受者。2)A sound of piano is heard in the hall.
(二)被动语态的基本时态变化
在被动语态的句子中,谓语部分的结构是be+Vtp.p.(及物动词过去分词)。其中be是变量,随时态的变化而变化;动词的过去分词是常量,永远不发生变化。当然,这只是指谓语部分而言。be动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词(being)和过去分词(been)。那么,下面我们来看看be在各种时态中的变化形式:被动语态通常为八种时态的被动形式。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:
1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时
2)has/have been done现在完成时
3)am/is/are being done现在进行时
4)was/were done一般过去时
5)had been done过去完成时
6)was/were being done过去进行时
7)shall/will be done一般将来时
8)should/would be done过去将来时
Ⅱ.一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:
英语里被动语态的使用似乎比汉语要广泛。英语的被动语态常用在下列的场合:1)当我们不知道动作的执行者的时候,如:1.Look!There’s nothing here.Everything has been taken away.
2.My car has been moved!
2)当我们不必提出动作的执行者的时候,如:I was born in 1960.
3)当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者的时候,如:She is liked by everybody.
Ⅲ.特殊的被动结构
1)带情态动词的被动结构:它的固定句式为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。也有个别带to的情态动词例外,如:ought to和have to,它们的被动结构就只能在不定式中。例如:The debt must be paid off before next month那笔债务必须在下个月前付清。
2)带有两个宾语的主动语态变成被动语态
将这种主动态的'句子完成被动态的句子,可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动态句子的主语,而将另一个宾语作为“保留宾语”写入被动态的句中。但有一点要说明,那就是,如果你选直接宾语作“主语”,有时要在被动态句子的“保留宾语”前加上合格的介词。因为这些动词常有两种句式,即:我们可以说give sb.sth.,send sb.sth.,buy sb.sth;我们也可以说give sth to sb,send sth to sb buy sth for sb。请看下面两种情况的对照:
She sent me a novel on my birthday.
I was sent a novel on my birthday.
A novel was sent to me on my birthday.
3)关于带有复合宾语的主动态变成被动态
如果将带有复合宾语(既:宾语+宾语补足语)的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子,我们只能选择原来句子的宾语作被动语态句子的主语;而这时,原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动语态句子的“主语补足语”了。
The story made us laugh.(宾语补足语)
We were made to laugh by the story.(主语补足语)
4)在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
6)非谓语动词的被动语态。v+ing形式及不定式to do也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。例,I don’t like being laughed at in the public.There are two more trees to be planted.