大学英语四级考试真题第一套答案
J)在未来，简单提供一些健康的可供选择的食品可能是不够的。“每一个我所了解的包装食品和餐馆企业现在都在关心法律规定，”瑞银集团的帕尔曼先生表示。(55)今年美国国会通过的健康改革法案要求拥有20家及以上连锁店的餐馆将它们所供应的食品卡路里含量印制在菜单上。一项由美国国家经济研究局开展的对2007年在纽约推出的相似热量张贴法案对星巴克的影响跟踪调查发现，在旁边有唐恩都乐连锁店的情况下，星巴克每次交易中的平均热量值减少了6%，而收益增长了3%——也就是说，这些菜单标签有助于这些连锁企业提供更健康的菜品。
K)为了避免与美国和其他地方的法规起冲突，快餐企业将不得不继续创新。麦当劳的沃特瑞克宣称其公司已经对菜单进行了改良，这意味着麦当劳与几年前相比会提供更多健康的食品。“与世界上的其他餐饮企业相比，我们可能会销售更多的蔬菜、更多的牛奶、更多的沙拉以及更多的苹果，”他说道。(46)但是加利福尼亚州的一个小镇最近提出一项议案，即禁止麦当劳在其高热量的“快乐套餐”中附赠玩具，因为立法者们认为这会引诱孩子们去吃不健康的食物，这表明还有更多事情等着快餐企业去做。
46.Some people propose laws be madeto stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.
有些人提议立法来禁止麦当劳将玩具附赠到为孩子提供的特价食品上。
由题干中的propose laws和toys定位到文章K)段画线处。
K) In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere,fast-food companies will have to continue innovating (创新).Walt Riker of McDonald's claims the change it has made in its menu means it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago."We probably sell more vegetables, more milk, more salads, more apples than any restaurant business in the world," he says.But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie " Happy Meals ", because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.
47.Fast-food firms may not be able tocopewithpressuresfromfoodregulation in the near future.
快餐企业在不久的将来可能不能处理来自食品法规的压力。
由题干中的cope with，pressures和food regulation定位到文章A)段画线处。
A)Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch.Healthexperts regularly criticise them severely for selling food thatmakes people fat.Critics even complain that McDonald's,whose logo symbolises calorie excess, should not have beenallowed to sponSor the World Cup.These are things fast-foodfirms have learnt to cope with.But not perhaps for muchlonger.The burger business faces more pressure fromregulators at a time when it is already adapting strategies inresponse to shifts in the global economy.
48.Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Bestcoffee to increase sales.
汉堡王将开始出售西雅图最好咖啡来提高销售额。
由题干中的Burger rang和Seattle’sBest coffee定位到文章G)段画线处。
G) Companies are alSo trying to get customers to buynew and more items, including drinks.McDonald'sstarted selling better coffee as a challenge toStarbucks.Its "McCafe" line now accounts for anestimated 6% of sales in America.Starbucks has Soldrights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to BurgerKing, which will start selling it later this year.
49.Some fast-food firms provide healthyfood to give the impression they arehelping to tackle the obesity problem.
一些快餐企业提供健康食品以给人留下他们在帮助解决肥胖问题的印象。
由题干中的healthy food，give the impression和obesity定位到文章I)段画线处。
I) But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-foodfirms havecleverly avoided government regulation.By providing healthy options, like salads and low-caloriesandwiches, they have at least given the impression ofdoing Something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症).These offerings are not necessarily loss-leaders, as theybroaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners that includeSome people who don't want to eat a burger.But customerscannot be forced to order salads instead of fries.
50.During therecession,manycustomers turned to fast food tosave money.
在经济衰退期，很多顾客为了省钱都转向快餐。
由题干中的recession，customers和fast food定位到文章B)段画线处。
B)Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof.When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap mealslike Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive.Such"trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession,when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants.Traffic was boosted inAmerica, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions,such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.
51.Many people eat out less often tosave money in times of recession.
在经济衰退时期，很多人为了省钱而减少在外吃饭的次数。
由题于中的eat out，save money和recession定位到文章D)段西线处。
D) But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate.Many,such as Burger King, have seen sales fall.In a severe recession,while Some people trade down to fast food, many others eat athome more frequently to save money.David Palmer, an analystat UBS, a bank, says smaller fast-food chains in America, suchas Jack in the Box and Carl's Jr., have been hit particularly hardin this downturn because they are competing with the global giantMcDonald's, which increased spending on advertising by morethan 7% last year as others cut back.